Glacier Hazards: Floods, Avalanches, and Volcanic Eruptions

Glacial lake outburst floods kill thousands. The 1941 Huaraz flood in Peru killed 5,000. The 2013 Kedarnath flood in India killed 6,000.

Volcanic eruptions under glaciers cause massive floods. Iceland 1996 flood released 3.4 km3 of water. Avalanches and icefalls are constant dangers.

Thwaites Glacier collapse could raise sea levels 65 cm..